A solution based on blockchain to promote a shared economy in the telecommunications infrastructure.
Building a network, using a hybrid spectrum, between renewable energy on blockchain technology. The shared economy model for supplying network infrastructure will improve the efficiency of design and operation, as well as provide a smoother supply of connectivity to the users of a network.
The use of blockchain in this model allows the elimination of intermediaries and a layer of costs from the delivery mechanism. It also facilitates rapid network expansion thanks to the transparency provided by smart contracts where participants have a guaranteed reward system. We propose a solution to the global problem that almost half of the world is not yet connected, as highlighted by the United Nations. This solution aims to address the most efficient use of network resources, to allow connectivity to be provided in a more distributed and decentralized way.
There are three layers of nodes in the proposed network model network model (World Mobile Chain)
- Terrestrial nodes: provide authentication, identity, blockchain, communication between nodes, and telecommunications services.
- Aerial nodes — provide coverage and access to users.
- Aether nodes: provide the link with telecommunications operators.
Earth Nodes
They are defined as the brain of the central logic of the Mobile Chain system. Earth Nodes are the backbone of the network and process all transactions on the blockchain. They interconnect all other types of nodes, and are made up of a number of software modules, which communicate through the central module called The Internode API. The rest of the modules provide an authentication layer (decentralized identity module, DID) , a general ledger layer (blockchain module) , and a telecommunications layer (telecommunications module).. The DID module provides the interface for a digital solution. In the blockchain module, a distributed ledger, records all transactions that take place on the network. For economic and performance reasons, but also for privacy reasons, some transaction data is segregated into the anonymized public ledger component linked to the private component, which contains all transaction data in a distributed and encrypted ledger. .
Air Nodes
Air Nodes are defined as the nodes that provide the access layer. These are the nodes that provide access to the network. Air Nodes are deployed in different hardware configurations depending on capacity and location, from a single user to an entire community. The software module for each hardware configuration provides the same core functionality.
Each user, who connects to the network, first connects through an Air Node to gain access. For this, the Air Node passes the user’s authentication details to the Terrestrial Nodes, using the Internode API. The authentication process confirms the identity of the user and the ground nodes respond with the account balance available to the user, as well as the list of services available to the user.
Aether Nodes
They interact with legacy telecommunications networks and handle protocol translations, media transcoding, and process traffic routing to these networks. Each country needs a minimum of one Aether Node to be able to provide the service. Operators must comply with local regulations and have the necessary licenses to operate the service.
Tokenomics
The WMT (world mobile token) token has the main role of incentivizing both token holders who want to support the operation of the network, by delegating their participation in WMT to a node operator, and to node operators , which manage their own nodes. There is a finite aggregate supply of 2 billion WMT, of which only a part will circulate at the beginning.
Transaction fees: Denominated in WMT and will be paid to node operators, who in turn will be able to share commissions with participants who have delegated WMT to their nodes. The aggregate revenues of the node operators will be equal to the aggregate rates of the network in World Mobile Chain. Participants will be able to delegate their tokens to the node operators of their choice, and in turn, will receive a portion of the transaction fees.
Node operators can choose to operate independently, or they can compete by delegation of the incumbents. In the case of competing for token holders, node operators are required to disclose their proposed fees per transaction, as part of this selection process (operating costs). This process should, in turn, promote the competitiveness of resources in the network, since the node operator is interested in attracting a large delegated participation of token holders, since the greater the total delegated to the node operator , the greater the probability of being chosen to process transactions and therefore a greater potential reward.
Inflation Rewards: 29% of total WMT supply goes to Inflation Rewards, which will be shared between node operators and
delegators. Inflation will be lowered over time ensuring higher rewards in the initial phase of the network, and the system will reach zero inflation in year 20. This ensures a balance between risk and rewards for node operators at various stages maturity of the network.
Incentives for the exploitation of terrestrial nodes: The operators of the Terrestrial nodes must delegate a number of tokens to participate in the network. The minimum number of tokens required to operate a Terrestrial Node is a variable defined in the initial parameters of the blockchain, of 100,000 tokens.
Any future decision to change this parameter will be made in collaboration with the token holders through a vote. Token holders who do not have the number of tokens or the technical knowledge necessary to operate a node, can delegate their participation to an Earth Node operator, and share their rewards proportionally to their participation, once operational costs are deducted. of the Earth Node operator. The operating costs of the terrestrial nodes are visible and defined by the operator.
Earth Node Rewards: Earth Nodes will be rewarded appropriately for each of the types of service they provide, as well as block production. When a user uses one of the services provided by node operators, there can be multiple nodes. For example, in a phone call, Land Nodes that provide call routing have two key nodes: the source node and the destination node. These two do additional work in routing, as they are responsible for voice encoding and decoding. The result is that all nodes are rewarded equally with the fee extracted from the user’s consumption of the service, except for these two, which will have a higher reward.
Incentives for the operation of air nodes : The main objective of incentives for air node operators is to provide Internet access in areas that currently have no service. The incentives are directly proportional to the amount of network usage. Air nodes can also provide additional capacity in areas that are already served, and therefore this behavior is a positive outcome for the network, and should be rewarded.
Air Node Rewards : Air Node rewards are distributed using the local stable currency according to the regulations of the country where the node is located. Air Node rewards are a proportion of total revenue in the country in which the Air Node is located and scale up to 10% as volumes on the network increase.
Incentives for the operation of Ether Nodes : Aether nodes obtain rewards based on the volume of traffic processed by the node. These rewards are distributed using the local stable currency in accordance with the local regulations of the country in which the node is located. The minimum number of tokens required to operate an Aether node is a variable defined in the initial parameters of the blockchain, 1,000,000 tokens.
Token distribution
2.5% private sale. WMT’s private sale round will take place in the second quarter of 2021 to a select number of accredited private investors. The tokens of the private sale are blocked during the first 9 months, after the public sale. Private sale tokens will be automatically delegated and are eligible for early delegation rewards and inflation rewards.
10% public sale . The public sale in the second quarter of 2021, is aimed at participants who wish to secure the network by operating nodes, or through delegation. The public sale has no locks and they are eligible for early delegation rewards.
3.0% incentive rewards . The WMTs allocated to early incentive rewards are for referrals, as well as early delegation rewards, in case there is any delay in the mainnet launch.
Rewards for early delegations 2.5% . World Mobile foresees a 6-month period from public sale to the launch of the main network. The tokens have been reserved as rewards by early delegations, to provide the necessary incentives to ensure that node operators and stakers are, to ensure the transition to the mainnet, at launch.
Advisors 5.9% . Advisory tokens that are allocated for strategic work carried out in the legal, technical and commercial realms to advance the adoption of the World Mobile Chain. Tokens are unlocked uniformly over 24 months, after a 12-month lock-in period.
Co-founders and team 19.25% . Team tokens are held for the founders and core World Mobile team.
BLOCKCHAIN SELECTION
The blockchain module of the ground node interacts with a chain of blocks, which satisfies the requirements detailed in the previous sections.
In our solution, Cardano, with its novel Proof of Stake consensus mechanism, Ouroboros, has been selected to provide the settlement layer and its Plutus smart contracts platform, which gives the functionality to operate the sharing economy. Enabling native tokens in Cardano provides a more profitable smart contract platform, with a more efficient network resource model, opening a better approach to the sharing economy.
DIGITAL IDENTITY
The telecommunications sector is vulnerable to fraud due to poor security in the subscriber process. Subscriber fraud is one of the top 5 causes, and one of the fastest growing and most prevalent types, faced by operators. Identity-related fraud is estimated at $ 29 billion in losses. This issue will be solved with the introduction of decentralized digital identity, provided to each user and node operator. The selected solution for digital identity is Atala Prism that works on the Cardano network.
